| Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) : is a collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
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| Anal sex : human sexual behavior that involves insertion of penis into the anus and the rectum |
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| Anemia : is an illness that reduces ability of blood to transfer oxygen. This illness is caused by low concentration of hemoglobin or deficiency of number of red blood cells. This illness is usually after excessive blood loss or as the result of deficient red blood cell production or hemoglobin production. Symptoms of anemia are weakness and feeling being tired. |
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| Anti retrovirus medicine : medicines that stop HIV virus replication in the human body on different stages |
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| Antibodies : are substances/proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids. Their task is to identify and neutralize viruses that come into the human body (immune system). The human body have different antibodies for different illnesses e.g. specific antibodies against HIV virus. |
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| Bisexuality : is a sexual orientation which refers to have sexual intercourse with both sexes |
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| CD4 or T4 cells (lymphocytes CD4 or T4) : one kind of white cells that help to fight with infections |
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| Carrier : infected person that illness is not categorized as AIDS. This person can infect others. |
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| ELISA : is a technique used mainly in immunology to detect the presence of antibodies to HIV virus in serum. A positive result must be repeated and the second positive one must be confirmed by Western blot test. Only on the basis of this result we can have absolute certainty about HIV infection. |
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| HIV : the result of the test of a person who is not HIV infected. |
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| HIV Test : the test that detects antibodies that are produced against HIV virus |
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| HIV+ : the result of the test of a person who is HIV infected and his fact has been confirmed. Person is serum positive. |
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| Hepatitis B : is an inflammation of the liver and is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and this illness is sexually transmitted. |
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| Heterosexuality : attraction, behavior and orientation only between opposite sexes |
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| Homosexuality : refers to sexual behavior between people of the same sex |
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| Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) : is a retrovirus that can lead to fail immune system and cause AIDS . It is one of viruses that causes the immune deficiency. |
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| Immune system : is a collection of human body\'s mechanisms that protects against disease by identifying and killing bacteria, viruses fungi |
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| Immunity : human body ability to defend the body against infections, for some illnesses can be gained after vaccine or got over them. |
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| Infection : is a group of symptoms cause by pathogens in the human body that are able to cause disease |
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| Leukocytes (white cells) : blond cells that have basic role in immunity (defend the body against infections) |
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| Opportunistic infections : are infections that are not risky for people with healthy immune system but cause danger for people who are HIV infected and have lower number of cells. |
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| Pathogenic germs : bacteria, viruses or fungi |
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| Replication : multiplying/replicating itself of virus, producing new viral viruses in the infected human body. |
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| Resistance : such changes of the virus that make it not to be affected by used medicine, it\'s ability to survive treatment by medicines. |
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| SIV (Simian immunodeficiency virus) : is a monkey virus that can damage immunity (disability of immunity) |
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| Serologic window/ Window period : (immunology) is the time from infection e.g. HIV until appearing specific antibodies against bacteria that has caused the infection (after the time a test can detect any change). |
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| Transmission : the word that is used to describe the process of removing the infection |
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| Viral load : the number of HIV peaces that are calculated by estimating the amount of copies of RNA - Ribonucleic acid – HIV virus copies per milliliter of blood plasma. The level of viral load is estimated on way of watching the usefulness of using antiretroviral medicines. |
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| Virus : is one of the smallest microscopic particle that can infect the cells of a biological organism. Viruses cannot exist outside the human body. Viruses can replicate themselves only by infecting a host cell |
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